Methods to prevent atelectasis

1. deep breathing
2. cough
3. incentive spirometery
4. postural drainage
5. negative pressure suction
   

Post-operation wound pain usually hinder method 1, 2, and 3 to be performed.

Indications of post-op pain:

1. a rapid shallow breathing pattern of the patient
   
2. pain accompanied with cough, breathing, hand-raising
3. statements of the patient

Method 5 is contraindicated during the first day after surgery.
Negative pressure suction will peel down clots of micro-injuries resulted from the process of the surgery itself. The sequela is bleeding.